Why there is anaemia in cirrhosis, malaria, kala-azar and chronic renal failure
(CRF)?
Cirrhosis of liver:
– Haematemesis and/or melaena
– Anorexia developing into malnutrition
– Malabsorption
– Hypersplenism
– Haemolysis in alcoholic cirrhosis.
Malaria:
– Haemolysis
– Impaired erythropoiesis
– Splenomegaly with hypersplenism
– Folate deficiency (increased demand).
Kala-azar:
– Hypoproteinaemia (malnutrition), bleeding, haemodilution
– Bone marrow depression (due to proliferation of reticulo-endothelial cells)
– Haemolysis (rare)
– Hypersplenism.
Chronic renal failure (CRF):
– Decreased erythropoiesis due to relative deficiency of erythropoietin
– Anorexia-induced reduced dietary intake
– Decreased red cell survival
– Reduced intestinal absorption of iron
– Diminished erythropoiesis as a result of uraemic toxins
– Increased blood loss due to abnormal platelet function and increased capillary
fragility
– Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency.
(CRF)?
Cirrhosis of liver:
– Haematemesis and/or melaena
– Anorexia developing into malnutrition
– Malabsorption
– Hypersplenism
– Haemolysis in alcoholic cirrhosis.
Malaria:
– Haemolysis
– Impaired erythropoiesis
– Splenomegaly with hypersplenism
– Folate deficiency (increased demand).
Kala-azar:
– Hypoproteinaemia (malnutrition), bleeding, haemodilution
– Bone marrow depression (due to proliferation of reticulo-endothelial cells)
– Haemolysis (rare)
– Hypersplenism.
Chronic renal failure (CRF):
– Decreased erythropoiesis due to relative deficiency of erythropoietin
– Anorexia-induced reduced dietary intake
– Decreased red cell survival
– Reduced intestinal absorption of iron
– Diminished erythropoiesis as a result of uraemic toxins
– Increased blood loss due to abnormal platelet function and increased capillary
fragility
– Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency.