Pediatric Definition - Diabetes Insipidus

Diabetes Insipidus 

Diabetes insipidus may present with symptoms and signs such a hyperosmolality, nocturia, polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration and hypernatremia. 

The test such as MRI is important in evaluating tumor that may lead to diabetes insipidus. 

Water deprivation test may reveal serum osmolality less than 600mOsm/ kg, urine specific gravity less than 1 and  urine osmolality less than 300 mOsm/ kg in case of diabetes insipidus. 

Cranial diabetes insipidus and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is differentiate with low serum vasopressin. 

The treatment of diabetes insipidus may focus on oral or intranasal desmopressin acetate  ( DDAVP) in case of cental diabetes insipidus. Water treatment is considered in infant to prevent dehydration.