Pathology definition - Tracheoesophageal fistula
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital abnormalities. Tracheoesophageal fistula is associated with gastrointestinal malformation, excessive amniotic fluid ( polyhydramnios) and congenital heart disease.
Tracheoesophageal fistula mostly present with difficulty in feeding. The newborn will cough, vomit and chocked with each feed. This may lead to severe disturbance of the electrolytes and fluid balance. Paroxysmal suffocation may occur as well as pulmonary aspiration. The new born may also appear to be cyanotic and present with excessive salivation.
Pathologically the esophagus is connecting with the trachea near the bifurcation of the trachea. The upper end of the esophagus may appear as blind pouch. Gastric air bubble may be seen on the chest x ray.
Surgical repair is the form of treatment for tracheoesophageal fistula.
References
1.Gudovsky, Leonid M., Nataly S. Koroleva, Yury B. Biryukov, Alex F. Chernousov, and Mikhail I. Perelman. “Tracheoesophageal Fistulas.” The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 55, no. 4 (April 1993): 868–875. doi:10.1016/0003-4975(93)90108-T.
2.Kovesi, Thomas, and Steven Rubin. “LOng-term Complications of Congenital Esophageal Atresia And/or Tracheoesophageal Fistula*.” CHEST Journal 126, no. 3 (September 1, 2004): 915–925. doi:10.1378/chest.126.3.915.
Tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital abnormalities. Tracheoesophageal fistula is associated with gastrointestinal malformation, excessive amniotic fluid ( polyhydramnios) and congenital heart disease.
Tracheoesophageal fistula mostly present with difficulty in feeding. The newborn will cough, vomit and chocked with each feed. This may lead to severe disturbance of the electrolytes and fluid balance. Paroxysmal suffocation may occur as well as pulmonary aspiration. The new born may also appear to be cyanotic and present with excessive salivation.
Pathologically the esophagus is connecting with the trachea near the bifurcation of the trachea. The upper end of the esophagus may appear as blind pouch. Gastric air bubble may be seen on the chest x ray.
Surgical repair is the form of treatment for tracheoesophageal fistula.
References
1.Gudovsky, Leonid M., Nataly S. Koroleva, Yury B. Biryukov, Alex F. Chernousov, and Mikhail I. Perelman. “Tracheoesophageal Fistulas.” The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 55, no. 4 (April 1993): 868–875. doi:10.1016/0003-4975(93)90108-T.
2.Kovesi, Thomas, and Steven Rubin. “LOng-term Complications of Congenital Esophageal Atresia And/or Tracheoesophageal Fistula*.” CHEST Journal 126, no. 3 (September 1, 2004): 915–925. doi:10.1378/chest.126.3.915.
