Pathology definition - Hypoparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Patient with hypoparathyroidism may present with symptoms and signs of hypocalcemia.
These may include of Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign. Chvostek sign may present with twitching of the facial muscle after superficial tapping of the facial nerve. Trousseau sign may present with carpal spasm after inflation of the blood pressure cuff with pressure above the systolic blood pressure for more than 2 minutes. Patient may present with decreased in the parathyroid hormone level and increased in the serum phosphate level.
Hypoparathyroidism may present with shrinkage of the parathyroid gland the present of the fibrotic tissue which replace the normal chief cells. The common treatments for hypoparathyroidism are vitamin D and calcium supplements.
The common causes of hypoparathyroidism is the removal of the parathyroid gland surgically. In certain congenital disorder such as DiGeorge syndrome, patient may present with absence of the parathyroid glands since birth. Idiopathic autoimmune atrophy of the parathyroid gland and the radioactive iodine therapy are considered as the remaining causes of hypoparathyroidism.
Patient with hypoparathyroidism may present with symptoms and signs of hypocalcemia.
These may include of Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign. Chvostek sign may present with twitching of the facial muscle after superficial tapping of the facial nerve. Trousseau sign may present with carpal spasm after inflation of the blood pressure cuff with pressure above the systolic blood pressure for more than 2 minutes. Patient may present with decreased in the parathyroid hormone level and increased in the serum phosphate level.
Hypoparathyroidism may present with shrinkage of the parathyroid gland the present of the fibrotic tissue which replace the normal chief cells. The common treatments for hypoparathyroidism are vitamin D and calcium supplements.
The common causes of hypoparathyroidism is the removal of the parathyroid gland surgically. In certain congenital disorder such as DiGeorge syndrome, patient may present with absence of the parathyroid glands since birth. Idiopathic autoimmune atrophy of the parathyroid gland and the radioactive iodine therapy are considered as the remaining causes of hypoparathyroidism.
