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Pathology definition - Pancreatic Carcinoma
Pancreatic carcinoma
Pancreatic carcinoma mostly affecting the head of pancreas ( 60%), body of pancreas ( 15%) and tail of the pancreas ( 5%). Pancreatic carcinoma carries a poor prognosis with less than 4% survival rates. In worst case scenario, the whole part of pancreas is affected ( 20%).
Pancreatic carcinoma /pancreatic adenocarcinoma may present as cluster of cells or tubular structures with growth pattern which is invasive in nature. There is stromal fibrosis.
Pancreatic carcinoma may present with variable degree of cell differentiation. Anaplastic cuboidal epithelium may form the malignant glands.
The complication of pancreatic carcinoma may include dilation of the intrahepatic duct and obstruction of the bile duct from the blockage f the ampullary region by a mass/tumor.
Pancreatic carcinoma is treated with Whipple procedure ( radical resection of the pancreaticoduodenum). Other treatments include adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Pancreatic carcinoma may present with elevation CEA level ( tumor marker), elevation in liver enzyme ( ALP) and increase concentration of the bilirubin. Pancreatic carcinoma commonly occur due to mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene or mutation of the k ras oncogene, diabetes, chronic disorders of the gallbladder and excessive alcohol intake, chronic pancreatitis and smoking as well as high fat diet.
The common signs and symptoms of pancreatic carcinoma are loss of weight, anorexia, painless obstructive jaundice, upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, Trousseau syndrome ( thrombophlebitis) and obstruction of the common bile duct which lead to painful palpable gallbladder.
References
1.Warshaw, Andrew L., and Carlos Fernández-del Castillo. “Pancreatic Carcinoma.” New England Journal of Medicine 326, no. 7 (February 13, 1992): 455–465. doi:10.1056/NEJM199202133260706.
2.Hruban, R. H., A. Maitra, and N. Fukushima. “Pathology of Pancreatic Cancer.” In Diseases of the Pancreas, edited by Hans G. Beger MD, Seiki Matsuno MD, John L. Cameron MD, Bettina M. Rau MD, Makoto Sunamura MD, and Richard D. Schulick MD, 497–511. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008..
Pancreatic carcinoma mostly affecting the head of pancreas ( 60%), body of pancreas ( 15%) and tail of the pancreas ( 5%). Pancreatic carcinoma carries a poor prognosis with less than 4% survival rates. In worst case scenario, the whole part of pancreas is affected ( 20%).
Pancreatic carcinoma /pancreatic adenocarcinoma may present as cluster of cells or tubular structures with growth pattern which is invasive in nature. There is stromal fibrosis.
Pancreatic carcinoma may present with variable degree of cell differentiation. Anaplastic cuboidal epithelium may form the malignant glands.
The complication of pancreatic carcinoma may include dilation of the intrahepatic duct and obstruction of the bile duct from the blockage f the ampullary region by a mass/tumor.
Pancreatic carcinoma is treated with Whipple procedure ( radical resection of the pancreaticoduodenum). Other treatments include adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Pancreatic carcinoma may present with elevation CEA level ( tumor marker), elevation in liver enzyme ( ALP) and increase concentration of the bilirubin. Pancreatic carcinoma commonly occur due to mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene or mutation of the k ras oncogene, diabetes, chronic disorders of the gallbladder and excessive alcohol intake, chronic pancreatitis and smoking as well as high fat diet.
The common signs and symptoms of pancreatic carcinoma are loss of weight, anorexia, painless obstructive jaundice, upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, Trousseau syndrome ( thrombophlebitis) and obstruction of the common bile duct which lead to painful palpable gallbladder.
References
1.Warshaw, Andrew L., and Carlos Fernández-del Castillo. “Pancreatic Carcinoma.” New England Journal of Medicine 326, no. 7 (February 13, 1992): 455–465. doi:10.1056/NEJM199202133260706.
2.Hruban, R. H., A. Maitra, and N. Fukushima. “Pathology of Pancreatic Cancer.” In Diseases of the Pancreas, edited by Hans G. Beger MD, Seiki Matsuno MD, John L. Cameron MD, Bettina M. Rau MD, Makoto Sunamura MD, and Richard D. Schulick MD, 497–511. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008..
